Formal, Informal & Non-Formal Education
Key Concepts Challengeتحدي المفاهيم الأساسية
Match each conceptطابق كل مفهوم with its correct definition by dragging and droppingبالسحب والإفلات.
Definitionsالتعاريف
Vocabulary Centerمركز المفردات
Practice 1: Word Formation
Write the correct noun formاكتب صيغة الاسم الصحيحة for each word.
| Word | Noun Form |
|---|---|
| 1. educated | |
| 2. illiterate | |
| 3. poor | |
| 4. assist | |
| 5. succeed |
Practice 2: Drag & Drop Completion
Drag the words from the word bankاسحب الكلمات من بنك الكلمات to complete the sentences.
Word Bank:
Reading Text
[1] Najat Belkacem was born on October 4th, 1977, in a farmhouseبيت ريفي in Bni Chiker, a villageقرية near Nador. Her father, Ahmed, had emigratedهاجر to France before she was born. She lived with her grandfather and she still remembers gathering waterجمع الماء and helping him with the farm workأعمال المزرعة.
[2] When Najat was five, her father found a permanentدائم job and sent for his wife and daughters to join him in 1982. Najat grew up in the suburbsالضواحي of Amiens, France. The little girl felt the shockصدمة of the new cultureثقافة. She didn't speak a word of French. “Leaving your country, your rootsالجذور, can be painfulمؤلم. My father had already found his place, but for us, it was really hard,” she says.
[3] Her father set strict rulesقواعد صارمة: she was forbiddenممنوعة to hang out with friendsالخروج مع الأصدقاء or to go out to cafés before the age of eighteen. As a result, Najat devotedكرست all her time and energy to her studies. By the end of her first year, she could read and speak French fluentlyبطلاقة.
[4] She received French citizenshipالجنسية shortly beforeقبل فترة وجيزة joining university as a law student. It was there that she discovered the prestigiousمرموق Paris Institute of Political Studies. She took the entrance examامتحان القبول and passed. At the institute library, she met Boris Vallaud whom she married later. The coupleالزوجان has followed similar pathsمسارات مماثلة into government. "It's very nice to have a husband who moves in the same world as I do," she says.
[5] In March 2008, she was electedاُنتخبت 'Conseillère Générale' of the Rhône department. On May 16th, 2012, she was appointedعُينت to French President François Hollande's cabinetمجلس الوزراء as Minister of Women's Rights and Spokesperson for the government. On August 25th, 2014, she became the first woman to be appointed Minister of Education and Research in France.
[6] Najat has provedأثبتت that there are no boundariesحدود to what you can achieveتُحقق if you work hard. Her story reminds us that immigrantsالمهاجرون are valuableذو قيمة human capital. If we believe in them and invest in themنستثمر فيهم with the right education, there are no limits to what they can achieve.
Guided Comprehensionالفهم الموجه
A. True or False?صحيح أم خطأ؟
1. When she first came to France, Najat Belkacem found it difficult to adapt.
2. Najat got French citizenship when she was a university student.
B. Answer these questionsأجب عن هذه الأسئلة.
1. How did Najat help her grandfather?
2. When did Najat know about the Paris Institute of Political Studies?
E. Find sentences in the textابحث عن جمل في النص which show that:
1. Najat's father was not flexible:
2. Najat and her husband share the same interests:
G. Complete the following chartأكمل الجدول التالي.
| Information in the text | Paragraph Number |
|---|---|
| a. Najat Belkacem's first contact with the French culture | |
| b. Najat Belkacem's higher education | |
| c. Najat Belkacem's life in Morocco | |
| d. Najat Belkacem's political career |
Writing Workshopورشة الكتابة: Application E-mailالبريد الإلكتروني للترشح
Use the tools belowاستخدم الأدوات أدناه to buildلكتابة / لبناء your own application e-mail. Click on the phrasesاضغط على الجمل in the "Toolbox" to add them to your text.
Phrase Toolboxصندوق أدوات الجمل
Grammar Workshopورشة القواعد: Non-defining Relative Clauses
The Rule
These clauses add extraتضيف معلومات إضافية, non-essential information. They are always separated by commas.
- Use whoالذي / التي (للفاعل العاقل) for people (subject)للأشخاص (فاعل). Example: My brother, who lives in Paris, is a doctor.
- Use whichالذي / التي (لغير العاقل) for thingsللأشياء. Example: His car, which is very old, broke down.
- Use whoseالذي / التي (للملكية) for possessionللملكية. Example: The student, whose bag was stolen, went to the police.
- Use whomالذي / التي (للمفعول به العاقل) for people (object)للأشخاص (مفعول به). Example: The manager, whom I met yesterday, was very helpful.
Practice Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentencesأكمل الجمل with: who, which, whose, or whom.
1. Najat Belkacem, was born in Morocco, became a French minister.
2. The Paris Institute of Political Studies, is very prestigious, was her university.
3. Her father, rules were very strict, wanted her to succeed.
4. Boris Vallaud, she later married, also works in government.
Practice Exercise 2: Combine the Sentences
Combine the two sentencesاربط بين الجملتين using a non-defining relative clause.
Sentences: My neighbor is very friendly. He is from Italy.
Combined: My neighbor,
Sentences: I just finished reading a book. It was very exciting.
Combined: The book,